Raising Healthy Goats on your Homestead

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Anyone that raises goats should develop a plan for their health care, therefore, preventing disease is the most important aspect. From the start, goats should be thoroughly checked over, even before they are brought into the herd. Bringing a new goat that carries a disease could be detrimental to the well-being of the entire herd. Raising healthy goats is rewarding especially if there’s a preventative maintenance program in place from the start.

Good Management

Goats usually get sick because of poor management practices. You have to pay close attention to your goat’s and keep an eye out for signs of problems so you can correct these situations immediately. There are a few general areas to monitor at all times, doing so will help you in raising healthy goats on your homestead.

Areas to monitor:

making sure feeding schedules are regular and correct
housing is well-ventilated
goats are not overcrowded
hooves are trimmed
weight is correct and not overweight
behavior is normal
water is clean and available
pens are clean and sanitary

Watching for signs of illness

Taking the time to inspect your goats regularly will teach you how they look and act while they are healthy so when they become sick you will know immediately. First of all, watch for changes in their eating or drinking habits, the color of their gums and eyes, breathing issues, teeth grinding and changes in their manure. Any changes in these areas could very well be a sign of a problem. When you think there may be a problem, call the veterinarian immediately so treatment can be started quickly.

Common goat issues

If you have never treated a goat for problems do not try and do it yourself! If you would administer the wrong dose of medicine it could kill the goat. Always consult a veterinarian until you have learned to treat them correctly.

Bloat

Bloat is caused my extra gas in the rumen, it is also called Acidosis or ruminal tympany. Bloating can be avoided by allowing your goats to have a balanced ration of feed and preventing overeating of concentrate and pasture. Treatment of bloat includes rubbing the goat’s belly while he is standing to try and relieve some of the gas and calling the vet.

Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis

Also called CAE or CAEV, this is a virus, and unfortunately, there is no cure. Symptoms include weak rear legs in kids and swollen and stiff knee joints in adults. The only way to prevent CAE is to purchase certified CAE-free goats, fortunately, there is no risk to humans with this virus.

Coccidiosis

Symptoms of this illness include a loss of appetite, energy, and weight, and possibly diarrhea (which could include blood) and death. This disease also called Cocci can be treated with Coccidiostat. It is caused by tiny parasites called coccidia. Preventative measures include keeping bedding, feeders, and water buckets clean. There is no risk to humans.

Mastitis

Mastitis is a bacteria that forms in the udder and consequently, is caused by injury or an insect sting to the udder. Symptoms include not eating, fever, the udder is hot or cold, swollen or painful to the touch. When infected with Mastitis, the milk may smell bad, or it may be thick, clotted or bloody. Treatment for this illness includes placing hot compresses 4 to 5 times per day on the udder, milking 3 times per day. You can purchase a Mastitis test and check the first batch of milk from each teat thereafter. Do not allow the kids or any humans to drink the milk from a goat with Mastitis until the veterinarian says it is okay to do so.